Young individuals have been found to have a lower risk of severe illness or fatality when infected with COVID-19 compared to older age groups. Researchers have now replicated this phenomenon in mice, marking a significant breakthrough. Scientists have used genetic modifications to introduce a human-like variant of COVID-19 to mice, enabling them to display symptoms similar to those observed in young human patients. This new mouse model is a departure from previous models that were not able to tolerate the infection.
The research, led by Jef Boeke from NYU Langone Health’s Institute for Systems Genetics, is a major step in creating an animal model that accurately reflects how COVID-19 manifests in humans. It includes immune system activation and similar symptoms. The achievement fills a critical gap in the search for antiviral medications targeting the virus. To create the mice, researchers introduced human genetic material linked to the ACE2 protein, which plays a crucial role in regulating important functions in the human body.
ACE2 has gained attention in relation to COVID-19 as it serves as the primary entry point for the virus into human cells. The virus spike protein binds to ACE2 receptors, facilitating infection and the development of symptoms. Extensive research into ACE2 and its connection to SARS-CoV-2 has been instrumental in understanding the virus’ transmission and has contributed to the development of therapies and vaccines.
Boeke and his team plan to crossbreed these humanized ACE2 mice with various mouse strains to study different responses to the virus, especially in individuals with underlying health conditions or in older individuals. The researchers used the “genome writing” technique with yeast, a single-celled fungus, to successfully engineer mice with cellular properties resembling the activity levels of the ACE gene in humans.
The research findings have been published in the journal Nature, representing a significant advancement in our understanding of COVID-19. This breakthrough will contribute to the development of new treatments and prevention strategies.
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